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原帖由 Anatomy 于 2009-3-6 15:01 发表
插嘴一句:根据上个世纪KARL POPPER和THOMAS KUHN的争论,结果就是nothing can be proven. 所有人只能够通过证明alternative推论的真实性从而来巩固原来的假设。
正如“太阳从东边升起”,这就是一个假设,没有任 ...
Underwood, AJ. 1990. Experiments in ecology and management: the logics, functions and interpretation. Australian Journal of Ecology 15:365-389
Schematic diagram of the logic of ecological experiments, (though this came from an ecological literature, i think this is good for scientific researches)
a. Observation: Statements of what we see
b. Model: An explanation for the observations
c. Hypothesis (H): Logically derived from the model, a prediction in particular circumstances not yet seen
d. Null Hypothesis(H0): All logical possibilities other than H
e. Experiments: The creation of particular circumstances not yet seen about which we have made a prediction
If reject Null, retain H, back to (b)
if retain null, reject H, back to (a) |
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