移民的精髓 之 Job Description ----- By YYW
古语有云:天有不测风云,用这话来形容新西兰的移民政策是在适合不过了。众所周知,从2月4号开始,移民局以新的ANZSCO去替代原先的NZSCO,在新条例中, 对于工种的归类和划分,相应工种的学历要求,以及每个工种的总体要求都做出了一个非常详细的规范,目的在于可以更明确地判别每个申请者的工作是否真正属于Skilled Employment。因此,Job Description已经成为移民申请初级阶段的精髓所在,可以说,成败在此一举。本文将通过真实案例进行比较和分析,并结合自己的心得体会,对于工作描述中可能会涉及的问题做个详细的论述, 希望可以帮到正在申请或者准备申请的朋友.
正所谓‘在其位而谋其政’,工作描述主要是阐述申请者职位的工作范畴,让第三方很清楚的知道并了解申请人职责的主要和次要。可以评估这个工作在一个组织中所起到的作用, 同时也可以确认在日常工作中具体涉及到哪些事务。对于以工作担保移民申请的朋友来讲, 工作描述是让人又爱又恨。一份恰当的工作描述可以成为开启成功大门的钥匙,反之,则会变成移民路上的绊脚石,也是大多数移民Case失败的根源所在。
下面是两个实例的比较,虽然新政策下,Bookkeeper并没有资格申请移民,但重点是如果通过比较和分析,找出工作描述的通病,举一反三,理论应用于实践。
实例一:A先生以Bookkeeper/Administrator 的工作递交移民申请,在EOI的调查阶段,移民官要求他立即递交工作描述。下面就是A先生的工作描述,如下:
Prepare Accounts Payable:
1. Set up invoices and statements for payment according to the due date.
2. Verify all extensions and additions on invoices and statements.
3. Watch for and take advantage of discount dates.
4. Reconciling petty cash fund.
5. Writing Cheques to settle accounts payable.
Maintaining Office Records:
1. Reconcile cash receipts and prepare daily bank deposit.
2. Maintain an accurate record of all products sent and purchases made.
3. Maintain an accurate record of all cash and credit transactions.
4. Maintain accurate perpetual inventory records and assist in pricing and extending inventories.
5. Prepare and submit an accurate operating report by the due date.
6. Transfer details of business transactions from documents into computer.
7. Use Computer to enter financial data into appropriate financial system.
Office Operations:
Office operations involve performing the office tasks that are necessary to maintain efficiency.
1. Maintain sufficient inventories of office supplies.
2. Maintain office equipment and keep work area neat and tidy.
3. Update office and bookkeeping procedures to achieve maximum efficiency.
4. Maintain daily a proper filing system of all investors and loans.
先来分析A先生的Job Title:Bookkeeper/Administrator。Administrator在新旧条例下都不是属于skilled employment,但是Bookkeeper在旧条例下是属于一个技能工种。可是在这个工作描述中,申请者的工作描述存在很多问题,可以说是本末倒置,主次不分。主要的问题是:
1. 主要的工作(Bookkeeper)只有短短的几条工作描述,而非技能的工作描述(Administrator)却多达十几条。
2. 过于简单的描述-更本无法让移民官了解和判断申请者的工作是否属于Skilled Employment。
3. 就Bookkeeper这个部分的工作描述来看,给别人的感觉就是很基础很简单,没有很多技术含量的工作。换句话话来讲,只要稍加
培训,谁都可以去胜任这份工作。
4. 整个工作描述比较笼统,让人无法了解申请者的日常工作具体是涉及到哪些事务。
5. 很多描述是含糊不清,无法分辨这些工作到底是属于Bookkeeper还是属于Administrator。
这种存在问题的工作描述被递交上去以后,移民官在根本无法了解和评估这个工作的基础上,提出强烈质疑并且怀疑这个工作的真实性。虽然A先生做了很多解释,但申请最终还是被拒绝。A先生不得不重新找工作,一年的努力化为乌有。
实例二:B先生在去年同样是以Bookkeeper/Administrator递交移民申请,递交到移民局的Job Description描述如下:
Employer: Better Company
Position: Accounts Bookkeeper/Administration Assistant
Employee: Ben
Reporting: Directors or any other designated representative of the employer
Overall Objective
It is the duty of the employee to maintain and update records of all financial transactions for Better Company
Duties
• Verifying the accuracy of all documents and records relating to accounts payable, accounts receivable, sales, refunds, bank
statements and other financial transactions for Better Company
• Accounts payable: processing the suppliers invoices into the accounts system, reconciling and making appropriate payments.
• Accounts receivable: processing the customer invoices into the accounts system, reconciling sales and receiving payments
• Preparing various financial reports such as sales report, purchase report, account payable report, account receivable report etc.
• Banking: checking and reconciling against sales and ensure all cash banked into the company’s bank account and writing cheques.
• Verifying all extensions and additions on invoices and statements
• Maintaining accurate records including: all cash and credit transactions and perpetual inventory records and assist in pricing and extending inventories.
• Updating office and bookkeeping procedures to achieve maximum efficiency
• Any other duties necessary to compile final account: Profit & Loss Balance Sheet etc.
• Liaise with company’s accountant in preparation of GST Returns, monthly and annual financial statements.
• Assisting with preparation of the company annual forecasting and budgeting
• Establish cooperative business relationship with suppliers and customers.
• Create, update and verify all entries in financial ledgers and computerized accounting systems
• Any other duties as reasonable requested by the employee from time to time.
The secondary tasks of the employee are to provide appropriate assistance on other general aspects of Better Company
• Monitor and update the research statistics for management staff
• Maintain office equipment and stationary supplies
• Assisting the employer to arrange daily work
• Dealing with the requests and problems of customers
• Assist to organize company functions and Board of Directors meetings
• Translate and interpret for suppliers and customers who require English/Chinese translations
• Any other administrative and management duties the Employer may reasonably require the Employee to perform.
通过比较,很容易看得出第二份的工作描述是非常完善和详细的。
1. 在第一部分的工作描述中,可以看到作为一个Bookkeeper在公司里的所有职责和工作。
2. 详尽而全面的工作描述让移民官很容易了解和评估申请者的工作是否属于Skilled,是否属是一个真正的工作。
3. 主次分明,条理清楚。Job Description着重关于Bookkeeper的职责和工作的描述,而非技能的Administrator的职责和工作描述为附。这样可以避免移民官对于申请者过多的从事General Work提出疑问。
4. 有关Bookkeeper的工作描述呈现出一定的专业性和技术性,可以使移民官了解到申请者在从事此项工作时是运用了相当程度的专业化理论和实用方面的知识,并且已经累计了实际操作的经验。强调此项工作并不是简单而基础的,也不是稍加培训就可以胜任的。
5. 关于Bookkeeper的工作描述是紧跟移民局条例的实际要求的,并且没有为了展示工作是否属于Skilled Employment而刻意的提高工作的层次和难度。
综合上述,B先生的工作描述是一份实实在在的、详尽的、完整的Job Description。通过这份工作描述,很容易就可以判断申请者的工作是否是Skilled Employment。7个月后,B先生收到了AIP。
在移民申请过程中,对于一位以工作担保移民的申请者来说Job Description是成败的关键,对于移民官来说Job Description是申请材料的第一印象,即使是一份真实而符合移民要求的工作担保,都会有可能因为Job Description的原因从而遭到移民官的质疑甚至拒绝申请者的移民申请。在准备Job Description的时候,申请者一定要以移民条例为基础并结合本身的实际工作情况。此外工作描述一定要详细全面并且强调这份工作的专业性和技术性,同时也要注意到工作描述的主次之分,重点是要突出这是一份Skilled Employment,避免太多的关于General Work的描述。最后,希望大家能从以上的分析中得到一些启示和帮助。同样也希望大家都能递交一份能起到画龙点睛的工作描述。
[ 本帖最后由 YYW 于 2008-4-30 18:03 编辑 ] |