一般来说,现代的地铁须具有以下几个条件:[10][11][7]
在城市内部运行的大客流量、主要以电力驱动的轨道交通,换言之,该系统须主要在城市内部运行,服务城市;
拥有独立路权,与其他形式的交通没有平交;
班次密集,在白天的频率一般在10分钟以内一趟。
根据这个定义,地铁是故无须完全建于地下,可以位于地面或高架桥上;亦无须采用重轨(重量大于每米30公斤的铁轨),如使用轻轨(重量小于或等于每米30公斤的铁轨)[12]能做到以上几点的,应当也能算成地铁, 如温哥华架空列车(博览线早期用ICTS Mark I轻轨列车);至于是采用钢轮或是胶轮,是传统的两根轨道或是跨座式、悬挂式单轨、是用第三轨或是接触网、是自动驾驶或是有人驾驶、轨距几何,都不影响这个定义的适用。[10]
What is a metro? A subway? An underground?
My personal definition is:
1) An urban electric mass rail transport system, i.e. it is primarily used to move within the city
2) Totally independent from other traffic, rail or street traffic
3) High frequency service (maximum interval approx. 10 minutes during normal daytime service)
Obviously a metro does not have to be underground (this is why I prefer this term to 'subway' or 'underground' or 'U-Bahn' as all these terms imply a tunnel), it can also be elevated or at grade. A metro does not necessarily use heavy rail technology, therefore the Docklands Light Railway or the Lille VAL are full metro services, with the only difference that their capacity is smaller according to the needs of the city/area they serve. It's also irrelevant whether the metro runs on steel wheels or rubber tyres, is monorail or conventional double rail, uses third rail power supply or overhead wire, is fully automated or has a driver, has standard, narrow or broad gauge.
For many years now, UrbanRail.Net has also covered all sorts of tramways, streetcars or light rail systems, but only selected suburban rail systems are included as the list of cities may otherwise be to long to maintain.
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