初级立法:
Immigration Act 2009 - Section 33 (1)
Classified information may be relied on in making decisions or determining proceedings under this Act if the Minister determines that the classified information relates to matters of security or criminal conduct.
(我理解的大致意思是:出于安全与犯罪考量,保密信息可以被作为做出结论或者确定侦讯的依据。)
Classified information(保密信息,不知道这个翻译合适不合适)在Immigration Act 2009 - Section 7里有定义,太长,大致看了下,就是移民局委托相关机构(relevant agency)获取的信息,而且不会对外披露。但是注意一个措辞“may be relied on”,在中国的司法语境中是“应当”,不是must(“必须”),这就可能赋予了移民局一定的自行斟酌的权力。
relevant agency在Immigration Act 2009有定义,包括:
(a) Aviation Security Service: (机场安全服务,有谁可以翻译更好一些,总感觉别扭)
(b) Civil Aviation Authority of New Zealand: 新西兰航空管理局
(c) Department of Corrections: 新西兰惩教署
(d) Department of Internal Affairs: 新西兰内政署
(e) Department of Labour: 新西兰劳工署
(f) Government Communications Security Bureau: 新西兰政府通信安全局(间谍机构)
(g) Maritime New Zealand: 新西兰海事局/新西兰海事安全局
(h) Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry: 新西兰农林部
(i) Ministry of Fisheries: 新西兰渔业部
(j) Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade: 新西兰外交与贸易部
(k) New Zealand Customs Service: 新西兰海关
(l) New Zealand Defence Force: 新西兰国防军
(m) New Zealand Police: 新西兰警方
(n) New Zealand Security Intelligence Service: 新西兰安全情报局(间谍机构)
(o) a government agency established in substitution for or set up to take over any function of a department or agency listed in paragraphs (a) to (n)
Immigration Act 2009 - Section 42
No complaint may be made to the Inspector-General of Intelligence and Security about any situation or set of circumstances relating to an act, omission, practice, policy, or procedure done, omitted, or maintained (as the case may be) in connection with a decision under this Act involving classified information (including a determination in proceedings involving classified information).
这个神秘又强大的Inspector-General是谁?维基百科一下吧:
The Inspector-General of Intelligence and Security is the official responsible for supervising New Zealand's two main intelligence agencies: the Security Intelligence Service (SIS) and the Government Communications Security Bureau (GCSB).
原来是东厂西厂锦衣卫的总头目,失敬失敬!
你要是有空可以去看Inspector-General of Intelligence and Security Act 1996,里面有最详细的解释。
(我理解的大致意思是:对于安全情报机构依据本法做出的任何事情,任何个人或者机构的投诉都不用理睬。事关国家安全,没办法。可能你会说这里不是写着只是Inspector-General吗?这是新西兰这里常见的法律中的表述方式,比如有些执法单位,签发对外文件、对外公布执行规定都是以该单位首脑的名义,员工是依据法律授权代行局长的职权,所以对外签发文件时候都是代表单位首脑行事,有法律效力的文件下方签字完后会加上under the delegation...............,所以不得投诉Inspector-General,就是说没法投诉她/他领导下的所有安全部门。)
二级立法:
Immigration (Visa, Entry Permission, and Related Matters) Regulations 2010 - Section 5 (2)
An application must be—
(a) made on the approved form; and
(b) completed in English; and
(c) signed by the applicant (unless the applicant is less than 18 years old, in which case it must be signed by a parent or guardian of the applicant); and
(d) given to an immigration officer together with the following material:
(i) the applicant’s passport or certificate of identity or, if that is unavailable, his or her original full birth certificate (or a certified copy) or other identity document (or a certified copy); and
(ii) 2 passport-sized photographs of the applicant’s head and shoulders; and
(iia) [Revoked]
(iii) the information and evidence required by the relevant immigration instructions to demonstrate that the applicant fits the category or categories of immigration instructions under which the application is being made; and
(iv) any other information, evidence, or submissions that the applicant considers shows that he or she is eligible to be granted a visa in terms of the immigration instructions; and
...........(太多,不列出来了)
(我理解的大致意思是:移民局,依据这个法规,来问你要的信息、让你填的表格,你就必须提供。)
实践流程:
Immigration New Zealand Operational Manual - Administration - A5.1
Applicants for all visas must:
a. be of good character; and
b. not pose a potential security risk.
If any person included in the application fails to meet the necessary character requirements and the character requirements are not waived, the application may be declined.
(我理解的大致意思是:签证申请人需要有良好品行而且没有潜在的安全风险才可能获批。)
从法律字面上理解,任何人都可能因为潜在的风险被挂掉,比如在朝鲜搞过导弹研究啦等等。
因为首先看初级立法:matters of security or criminal conduct,两个方面:security和criminal。
然后详细到具体操作流程里,这两个方面被解读为:be of good character(没有犯罪记录,犯罪倾向性较低)和not pose a potential security risk(没有对国土安全的风险)
所以两方面是同等重要的。
老爷你好,我现在是奥克兰博士生,第三年的学签申请中,6个多月还没下来,打电话N次,有一次得知卡在NSC,因为是第三方机构,移民局也无法得知什么时候下签或拒签什么的。请问,NSC怎么突然降临到学签了,而且我前2年顺顺利利的,这三年就回去一次国,还是因为学术会议。反正现在乱乱的,还有不到20天过度签证就到期了,不知道还能不能给续....作者: Kuo 时间: 2020-8-11 16:57:05
另外No complaint may be made to the Inspector-General of Intelligence and Security about any situation or set of circumstances relating to an act, omission, practice, policy, or procedure done, omitted, or maintained (as the case may be) in connection with a decision under this Act involving classified information (including a determination in proceedings involving classified information). 的意思并不是说不能投诉情报部门的老大IG进而引申为整个情报部门都不能被投诉。正如我上面所说,IG是监督情报部门合规性的独立机构,它专门受理关于情报部门的投诉,而这个法条限制了一些在移民法下可以向IG投诉情报部门的事项。